In this way, the stones in Japanese gardens not only reflect the landscape of their local origin, but are intimately connected to human life. In an age before electricity, it was hoped that the white gravel in the karesansui gardens of Zen temples would also have the practical advantage of brightening rooms with its reflected sunlight. The white gravel used to express the ocean is another type of stone gathered from the mountains near Nanzen-ji temple: a granite stone that has been used for many purposes in Kyoto, including stone walls for castles and stone lanterns, but also daily tools such as mill stones. The garden came to be called ‘Tiger Cub Crossing’ ( Toranoko watashi), the large stone interpreted as a mother tiger and the five smaller stones imagined as her cubs crossing the sea. White gravel represents the ocean, next to which six stones are set, the largest laid to the left. At the foot of Kyoto’s Higashiyama mountains, there is a karesansui garden in front of the abbot’s quarters ( hōjō) of Nanzen-ji temple, thought to have been created by the legendary garden designer Kobori Enshū in the 17th century. In a dry garden ( karesansui), stones express water through the ripples raked over their surface. The raked gravel represents the ocean in the Hōjō Garden at Nanzen-ji temple in Kyoto the six large stones popularly imagined to be a tiger and her cubs In the Sakuteiki, chert stones were either called ‘with angles’ or ‘mountain stone’: commonly seen in the mountains around Kyoto, the stones themselves are used to evoke the local mountainous scenery. Of all the stones that could be obtained from the mountains surrounding Kyoto, there was one that was especially prized as a garden stone: an angular mountain stone known today as chert. For ancient Japanese gardens, stones were typically gathered from sources within 10km of the garden site. Until modern transport technology developed in Japan, the difficulty of transporting stone was a major factor governing the selection of garden stones. Stones, water and plants are the main elements of a Japanese garden among them, the stone arrangements are what make up the garden’s framework.Įven small stones have weight. In later periods, Buddhist monks who excelled at making gardens were called ‘stone-standing monks’. In ancient Japan, ‘standing a stone’ was a metaphor for creating a garden. ‘To stand a stone, one must first know the great principles.’ Thus begin the opening lines of the Sakuteiki (Records of Garden Creation), the 11th-century book thought to be Japan’s oldest garden creation manual. Smaller stones can have sharp edges, ideally flat surface, intricate or very smooth curve, that capture attention.Evolving with technology and changing demands, the use of stone in Japanese gardens proves consistent through to the present day Large garden landscaping rocks look impressive, because of their size. Strong contrasts of shapes, colors and textures are important part of formal Japanese rock garden design. Japanese garden design ideas should repeat natural landscapes, symbolizing rivers, mountains, large rocks or ocean waves.Ĩ. This is the rule of building a rock garden and creating perfect Japanese rock garden design.ħ. The viewer can move around, exploring Japanese rock garden, but should not be able to see all landscaping rocks at the same time. One of the landscaping rocks should be creatively hidden. The arrangement of stones in Japanese garden should allow to see only even number of them from one point. Building a rock garden Japanese style requires creating a mystery of slow disclosure of landscaping rocks. The arrangement of landscaping rocks in Japanese gardens is not symmetrical.Ħ. Building a rock garden should create the impression that rocks in Japanese garden lie on their spots for centuries, witnessing how the weather, seasons and plants change.ĥ. A stone on a slope is sitting deeper in the soil than on the flat part of Asian garden.Ĥ. Garden landscaping rocks should not be placed on the ground, but set deeply in the soil, sand or gravel. Stones in Japanese garden vary in shapes and sizes.ģ. Usually Asian garden design includes 15 landscaping rocks.Ģ. Use odd number of garden landscaping rocks for creating proper Japanese rock garden arrangement. Asian garden design ideas, building a rock garden with stones, moss and trees Building a rock gardenġ.
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